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A new classification of vehicles has been used with success in the race Paris - Bordeaux and Paris - Berlin, but not detained by a strong increase of mass in powerful cars, where the maximum weight was limited. Therefore, in the 1902 classification of the mass was again revised and adopted the final form. Regulations 1902 should be considered the first technically sound classification, which had a direct impact on the design of the car. According to this classification, all cars and motorcycles and were divided into five classes according to weight (kg):
1) motorcycles to 50;
2) motorcycles 50-250;
3) small cars (voiturette) 250-400;
4) Light car (voiture legere) 400-650;
5) large cars (grosse voiture) 650-1000.
The new rules do not hold back the growth of power cars.
In the manufacture of automobiles, many plants, without going outside the norms of mass 1000 kg fired power racing cars of 40-50 liters. With. In 1902, l 70-80. In 1903, 90 hp. with. In 1904, 120 liters in 1905, and 125-130 liters in 1906 the increase in power was obtained by reducing the liter weight and increase the efficiency of the engine. Due to the rules of racing have learned to build factories and lungs at the same time, powerful cars, consuming materials sparingly and using light alloys. Some companies put on a 1000 kg car engines with a capacity of 18 liters.
To be able to judge about the engines of cars of different classes, we show that the average displacement of large cars (650-1000 kg) was 11-14 L, light (400-650 kg) 7-10 l and small (400 kg) 3, 5 -5 l. Specific speed in the different classes you can imagine, for example, but the results shown in him-kilometer race in 1904, the automobile, "Dar cancer." At the end of this year, the company "Darrach" belonged to all the world records for speed. In one of the racing type 1 km great car, "Darrach" passed the course with a distance of 25.2 sec (143 km / h), light - for 29.4 sec (122 km / h), and small - from 36.2 per (99 km / h). The average speed of road racing is also continuously increasing, approaching 100 km / h in the race Criterium de Provence (1900) K. Ienattsi pas car "fireball" was held last 37 miles at an average speed of 92 km / h. Cars gradually acquire the ability to withstand high speed and longer distances: in 1902 while racing for the cup Gore Don Bennett René de Kniff in the car "Panhard Levassor," covered the first stage of 400 km long Noah with an average speed of about 90 km / h.
Until 1900 special racing almost non-existent. Cars, ranked first in the race, could be used in normal conditions due to the fact that they differed little or not at all different from the designs. These machines were a natural development of a normal car and races after winning pa order are manufactured for sale to consumers. Sporting achievements of these vehicles to guarantee the reliability of the buyer, and a moderate specific speed. The maximum speed of not more than 80-85 km / h. After 1900, when the average speed on the race passed the 70 km / h, the competition has forced car plants start to build a special racing cars, as this was the only way to succeed in open competition. When designing such vehicles have not taken into account the normal requirements for transport vehicles: quiet, economy and comfort. Design from the outset was conducted with the expectation to keep the design just something that gives a speed boost. |
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